In English, verbs consist of three main parts: the base/infinitive/root form (present), the simple past, and the past participle. Regular verbs have an -ed ending added to the root verb for both the simple past and past participle. Irregular verbs do not follow this pattern, and instead take on an alternative pattern.
Irregular Verbs List
This is a list of some irregular verbs in English. Of course, there are many others, but these are the most common irregular verbs.
Infinitive | Simple Past | Past Participle |
---|---|---|
alight | alighted, alit | alighted, alit |
arise | arose | arisen |
awake | awoke, awaked | awoken, awaked |
be | was, were | been |
bear | bore | borne, born |
beat | beat | beaten, beat |
become | became | become |
beget | begot | begotten |
begin | began | begun |
bend | bent | bent |
bereave | bereaved, bereft | bereaved, bereft |
beseech | besought, beseeched | besought, beseeched |
bet | bet, betted | bet, betted |
bid | bade, bid | bidden, bid, bade |
bide | bade, bided | bided |
bind | bound | bound |
bite | bit | bitten |
bleed | bled | bled |
bless | blessed, blest | blessed, blest |
blow | blew | blown |
break | broke | broken |
breed | bred | bred |
bring | brought | brought |
broadcast | broadcast, broadcasted | broadcast, broadcasted |
build | built | built |
burn | burnt, burned | burnt, burned |
burst | burst | burst |
bust | bust, busted | bust, busted |
buy | bought | bought |
can | could | - |
cast | cast | cast |
catch | caught | caught |
choose | chose | chosen |
cleave | cleft, cleaved, clove | cleft, cleaved, cloven |
cling | clung | clung |
clothe | clothed, clad | clothed, clad |
come | came | come |
cost | cost | cost |
creep | crept | crept |
crow | crowed | crew, crowed |
cut | cut | cut |
deal | dealt | dealt |
dig | dug | dug |
do | did | done |
draw | drew | drawn |
dream | dreamt, dreamed | dreamt, dreamed |
drink | drank | drunk |
drive | drove | driven |
dwell | dwelt, dwelled | dwelt, dwelled |
eat | ate | eaten |
fall | fell | fallen |
feed | fed | fed |
feel | felt | felt |
fight | fought | fought |
find | found | found |
flee | fled | fled |
fling | flung | flung |
fly | flew | flown |
forbid | forbad, forbade | forbid, forbidden |
forecast | forecast, forecasted | forecast, forecasted |
forget | forgot | forgotten |
forsake | forsook | forsaken |
freeze | froze | frozen |
geld | gelded, gelt | gelded, gelt |
get | got | got, gotten |
gild | gilded, gilt | gilded, gilt |
give | gave | given |
gnaw | gnawed | gnawed, gnawn |
go | went | gone |
grind | ground | ground |
grip | gripped, gript | gripped, gript |
grow | grew | grown |
hang | hung | hung |
have | had | had |
hear | heard | heard |
heave | heaved, hove | heaved, hove |
hew | hewed | hewed, hewn |
hide | hid | hidden, hid |
hit | hit | hit |
hold | held | held |
hurt | hurt | hurt |
keep | kept | kept |
kneel | knelt, kneeled | knelt, kneeled |
knit | knitted, knit | knitted, knit |
know | knew | known |
lay | laid | laid |
lead | led | led |
lean | leant, leaned | leant, leaned |
leap | leapt, leaped | leapt, leaped |
learn | learnt, learned | learnt, learned |
leave | left | left |
lend | lent | lent |
let | let | let |
lie | lay | lain |
light | lit, lighted | lit, lighted |
lose | lost | lost |
make | made | made |
may | might | - |
mean | meant | meant |
meet | met | met |
melt | melted | molten, melted |
mow | mowed | mown, mowed |
pay | paid | paid |
pen | pent, penned | pent, penned |
plead | pled, pleaded | pled, pleaded |
prove | proved | proven, proved |
put | put | put |
quit | quit, quitted | quit, quitted |
read | read | read |
rid | rid, ridded | rid, ridded |
ride | rode | ridden |
ring | rang | rung |
rise | rose | risen |
run | ran | run |
saw | sawed | sawn, sawed |
say | said | said |
see | saw | seen |
seek | sought | sought |
sell | sold | sold |
send | sent | sent |
set | set | set |
sew | sewed | sewn, sewed |
shake | shook | shaken |
shall | should | - |
shear | sheared | shorn, sheared |
shed | shed | shed |
shine | shone | shone |
shoe | shod, shoed | shod, shoed |
shoot | shot | shot |
show | showed | shown, showed |
shred | shred, shredded | shred, shredded |
shrink | shrank, shrunk | shrunk |
shut | shut | shut |
sing | sang | sung |
sink | sank | sunk |
sit | sat | sat |
slay | slew | slain |
sleep | slept | slept |
slide | slid | slid |
sling | slung | slung |
slink | slunk | slunk |
slit | slit | slit |
smell | smelt, smelled | smelt, smelled |
smite | smote | smitten |
sow | sowed | sown, sowed |
speak | spoke | spoken |
speed | sped, speeded | sped, speeded |
spell | spelt, spelled | spelt, spelled |
spend | spent | spent |
spill | spilt, spilled | spilt, spilled |
spin | spun | spun |
spit | spat | spat |
split | split | split |
spoil | spoilt, spoiled | spoilt, spoiled |
spread | spread | spread |
spring | sprang, sprung | sprung |
stand | stood | stood |
steal | stole | stolen |
stick | stuck | stuck |
sting | stung | stung |
stink | stank, stunk | stunk |
stride | strode | stridden |
strike | struck | struck |
string | strung | strung |
strive | strove | striven |
swear | swore | sworn |
sweat | sweat, sweated | sweat, sweated |
sweep | swept | swept |
swell | swelled | swollen, swelled |
swim | swam | swum |
swing | swung | swung |
take | took | taken |
teach | taught | taught |
tear | tore | torn |
telecast | telecast, telecasted | telecast, telecasted |
tell | told | told |
think | thought | thought |
throw | threw | thrown |
thrust | thrust | thrust |
tread | trod | trodden |
understand | understood | understood |
wake | woke, waked | woken, waked |
wear | wore | worn |
weave | wove | woven |
wed | wed, wedded | wed, wedded |
weep | wept | wept |
wet | wet, wetted | wet, wetted |
win | won | won |
wind | wound | wound |
wring | wrung | wrung |
write | wrote | written |
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